Attica

This article is about Attica in Greece. For other Atticas, see Attica (disambiguation)

Statistics
Capital:	Athens
Area:	3,808 km²
Inhabitants:	3,756,607 (2001) Ranked 1st
Pop. density:	987 inh./km² Ranked 1st
Code for the municipalities	01xx, Athens, 03xx, eastern Attica Peninsula 11xx, Eleusis, 40xx, Piraeus, Saronic, Troizina Hydra, Spetses, Kythira
Number of prefectural sects	4
Number of provinces	2
ISO 3166-2:	GR-A1 (old: GR-02)
Area codes in Greece:	11+30-210 11+30-229x0 11+30-27340
Postal code:	1xx xx except Kythera 801 00 in Kythera
Car designation:	YO, YT, YX, YY, YZ, ZB-ZZ
Map

Attica (in Greek: Αττική, Attikí) is a nomos (prefecture) in Greece, containing Athens, the capital of Greece.

Attica is located in what is today southern Greece, and covers about 3,800 square kilometers. In addition to Athens, it contains within its area the cities of Peiraeus, Eleusis, Megara, Laurium, and Marathon, as well as the islands of Salamis, Aegina, Poros, Hydra, Spetses, Kythira, and Antikythera. About 3,700,000 people live in the nomos, of which more than 95% are habitants of the Athens metropolitan area.

Athens was originally the capital of Central Greece.

Contents

4.1 Roads and Highways
4.2 Other

5 Communications

5.1 Television
5.2 Radio

6 Sporting teams

6.1 Basketball teams
6.2 Football/Soccer teams

6.2.1 Premier and second divisions A & B' Ethnikis
6.2.2 Junior division

7 Hospitals

8 Municipalities

9 Provinces

10 Prefectural sects of Attica (agglomeration)

11 Communities and Subdivisions

Geography

Attica is a peninsula jutting into the Aegean Sea. Mountains divide the peninsula into the plains of Pedia, Mesogeia, and Thriasia. The mountains include Hymettus, the eastern portion of Geraneia, Parnitha, Aigaleo and the Penteli mountains. To the north it is bordered by the Boeotian plain and to the west it is bordered by Corinth. The Saronic Gulf lies to the south and the island of Euboea lies off the north coast. Athens' first and only large reservoir named Lake Marathon is about 35 km northeast and is called the Marathon Dam which first opened in the 1920s. Since that time, it is Attica's largest lake. Forests cover the area around Parnitha, around Hymettus and into the northeast and the north in the hills and the mountains except for the mountaintops but the mountains to the west and the south are grassy, barren or forested.

The Cephisus River is the longest river, and Parnetha or Parnitha is the tallest mountain in Attica. The prefecture also has parklands in the Hymettus, Penteli and the Parnitha mountains and the southern part of the peninsula.

According to Plato, Attica ancient boundaries were fixed by the Isthmus, and that in the direction of the continent they extended as far as the heights of Cithaeron and Parnes. The boundary line came down in the direction of the sea, having the district of Oropus on the right, and with the river Asopus as the limit on the left.

Climate

Its climate includes hot summers and cool to mild winters in low lying areas and its plains and most of the Saronic. Winter is very common in the mountains of Parintha and areas that lie 1,000 m above sea level as its lowesy

In the winters of 1999 and February 2004, recent snowstorms plundered the area especially blocking and closing much of its roads as snow accumulated to 2 m.

History

The process of how Attica was united by Athens is not entirely clear, but it concluded at some point in the first half of the 7th century BC when Eleusis and the surrounding plains were joined to the Athenian state, and its inhabitants became citizens. Even then, the boundaries were not fixed, as Athens struggled with Megara for control of Salamis, and with Boeotia over border towns like Oropus for centuries. See History of Athens.

Attica later became part of (successively) the Roman and Byzantine Empires, the crusader Duchy of Athens, and at last the Ottoman Empire.

Transportation

Roads and Highways

The area is connected by roads and highways

Greece Interstate 1 (superhighway)
Greece Interstate 3 (old higway of Athens-Thessaloniki)
Greece Interstate 8 (old highway linking Patras, the Peloponnese and Athens)
Greece Interstate 8A (superhighway)
Greece Interstate 54, Marathonos Avenue
Greece Interstate 79
Greece Interstate 81
Greece Interstate 83
Greece Interstate 85 (rare)
Greece Interstate 89
Greece Interstate 91
Attiki Odos, number 6 (private owned superhighways), first opened in 2001 in the eastern part
- Hymettus Ring (number 64), opened in 2004, the southern section will open later.
- Aigaleo Ring (number 65), opened in 2004
- Ano Liosia Ring (opening soon)

Other

Athens Mass Transit System
- Athens Metro
- Proastiakos
- Transit System (Attica)

Communications

Television

902 TV
High TV - Athens
Magic Peiraia - Piraeus

Radio

87.7 En Lefko - Athens - 87.7 FM - http://www.877.gr
88.3 Village FM - Agios Ioannis Rentis (Athens) - 88.3 FM - http://www.villagefm.com
90.2 Aristera sta FM - Athens - 90.1 FM - http://www.902.gr
Antenna Radio - Athens - 97.2 FM - http://www.antenna.gr
Athena 9,84 FM - Athens - 98.3 FM - http://www.984fm.gr - Municipal Radio of the City of Athens
Atlantis FM - Athens - 105.2 FM - http://www.atlantisfm.gr
Athens Radio Deejay - Athens - 95.2 FM - http://www.radiodeejay.fm - Broadcasts nationally
Best Radio - Athens - 92.6 FM - http://www.bestradio.gr
Diesi 101.3 - Athens - 101.3 FM - http://www.diesifm.gr
Diva FM - Athens - 106.2 FM - http://www.divafm.gr
Epikinonia FM - Athens - 94.0 FM - http://www.94fm.gr - Municipal Radio of Neo Iraklio
ERT Radio - public - Athens - http://www.ert.gr
Filia 107 FM - public - Athens - 107.0 FM/665 AM - http://www.ert.gr
Flash 96 - Athens - 96.0 FM - http://www.flash.gr - Broadcasts nationally
Galaxy 92 - Athens - 92.0 FM - http://www.galaxy92.gr
Jeronimo Groovy FM - Athens - 88.9 FM - http://www.jeronimogroovy.com
Kosmos 93.6 - Athens - public - 93.6 FM - http://www.kosmos936.gr
Melodia FM - Athens - 99.2 FM - http://www.melodia.gr
NET 105.8 - Athens - 105.8/91.6 FM/729 MW - http://www.ert.gr - Broadcasts Nationally
Nitro Radio - Athens - 102.5 FM - http://www.nitroradio.gr
Oasis FM - Athens - 88.0 FM - http://www.oasisfm.gr
Orange 93.2 FM - Athens - 93.2 FM - http://www.orange932.gr
Planet FM - Athens - 99.5 FM
Polis 88.6 FM - Athens - 88.6 FM - http://www.polisfm.gr
Profit FM - Athens - 96.6 FM
Radio 98 FM - Athens - 98.0 FM - http://www.radio98fm.gr - Free pirate radio of Athens
Radio Gold - Athens - 103.3 FM - http://www.radiogold.com
Radio Greece - Athens - via satellite - http://www.radiogreece.gr
Radio Sfera - Athens - 102.2 FM - http://www.sfera.gr - Broadcasts nationally
Red FM - Athens - 96.3 FM - http://www.redfm.gr
Rhythmos FM - Athens - 94.9 FM - http://www.rythmosfm.gr
Rock FM 96.9 - Athens - 96.9 FM - http://www.rockfm.gr
Skai Radio - Athens - 100.3/100.6 FM - http://www.skairadio.gr - Broadcasts Nationally
Soho Radio - Athens - 89.8 FM - http://www.sohoradio.gr
Sportime FM - Athens - 89.2 FM
Supersport FM - Athens - 94.6 FM - http://www.sport-fm.gr - Broadcasts nationally
Superstar FM - Athens - 98.6 FM
Xenios FM - Athens - 94.3 and 97.4 FM - http://www.xenios943.gr - Municipal Radio of Ano Liosia

In March, 2001, the Greek government shut down approximately 60 of the 90+ FM radio stations in the Athens area, citing interference to frequencies to be used by the new Athens International Airport, though it is largely believed (and much evidence supporting this exists) that the government shut down these stations as a political favor to powerful publishing and media groups, whose stations, for the most part, remained on the air. In 2002, 8 of these stations reopened, and in 2004, a few more stations reopened.