Backa
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Bačka (Serbian: Бачка or Bačka, Hungarian: Bácska, Croatian: Bačka, Slovak: Báčka, German: Batschka) is an area of the Pannonian plain lying between the rivers Danube and Tisa.
Today this area forms part of the Vojvodina region of Serbia and Montenegro. Novi Sad, the capital city of Vojvodina, stands on the border between Bačka and Srem.
History
Through history Backa has been a part of the Dacia, Hun Empire, Avar Caganate, the Gepid Kingdom, Bulgaria, Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, Austria, Austria-Hungary, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, Yugoslavia and finally Serbia & Montenegro.
The name Backa is Slavic by origin. In Slavic languages, Backa means land which belongs to Bac city (Hungarians have also adopted this Slavic name).
Salan.jpg
In the 9th century the territory of Backa was part of Bulgaria. In 897, Salan (Bulgarian Duke) was the ruler in this territory and his capital city was Titel.
In 1526/1527 Backa was the central region of an ephemeral independent Serbian State, which existed in the territory of present day Vojvodina. The ruler of this State was the so called "Emperor" Jovan Nenad and his capital city was Subotica.
In 1699 the Backa came into the possession of the Habsburg Monarchy of Austria. They carried out an intensive colonisation of the area, which had been largely depopulated in the Ottoman wars. The settlers were primarily Serbs, Hungarians, and Germans. Because many of the Germans came from Swabia, they were known as Donauschwaben, or Danube Swabians.
Between 1849 and 1860 Backa was part of the Austrian province Vojvodina of Serbia and Tamis Banat.
After 1860 Backa was known as Bács-Bodrog County of the Kingdom of Hungary, which was part of the Austrian Empire.
The territory of Backa (as part of Vojvodina) united with the Kingdom of Serbia in 1918.
By the Treaty of Trianon (4 June 1920), the original territory of Backa was divided between the newly independent Hungary and the newly created Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, which was later renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. The northern part of region was later incorporated into Bács-Kiskun County of Hungary. The southern part of the region was the County of Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes between 1918 and 1922, then the Province (Oblast) of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes between 1922 and 1929, and in 1929 it was incorporated into Dunavska banovina (Danubian Banat), which was a province of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
In 1941 Yugoslav Backa was occupied by the Axis powers and attached to Hungary. The Trianon frontier was restored in 1945 with the end of the Second World War and Yugoslav Backa become part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Together with Srem and Banat, Backa is part of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina since 1945. After 1992, Bačka is part of Serbia and Montenegro (then still named FR Yugoslavia).
Geography
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Some of the major cities in Bačka include:
The districts of Serbia in Bačka are:
See also
Categories: Serbia | Vojvodina | Backa