Chipewyan language

The Chipewyan language is the language spoken by the Chipewyan people of central Canada (parts of Alberta, Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Saskatchewan) and is also called Dene. Chipewyan is part of the Athabaskan family and is related to the Navajo language. This language is spoken by 4,000 out of 6,000 ethnic Chipewyans.

Chipewyan is one of the official languages of the Northwest Territories, the others being English, French, Cree language, Dogrib, Gwich'in, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, and Slavey.

Contents

Sounds

Template:IPA notice


Consonants

The 39 consonants of Chipweyan:

  Bilabial Interdental Dental Post-alveolar Velar Glottal
central lateral plain labial
Stop unaspirated        
aspirated          
ejective        
Affricate unaspirated        
aspirated        
ejective        
Nasal              
Trill                
Fricative voiceless  
voiced    

Vowels

Chipewyan has vowels of 6 differing qualities.

  Front Central Back
High  
Upper-Mid  
Lower-Mid    
Low    

Most vowels can be either


As a result, Chipewyan has 18 phonemic vowels:

  Front Central Back
short long short long short long
 High  oral    
nasal    
 Mid-upper   
 
       
 Mid-lower  oral        
nasal        
 Low  oral        
nasal        

Chipewyan also has 9 oral and nasal diphthongs of the form vowel + .

  Front Central Back
  oral nasal oral nasal oral nasal
High        
Mid  
Low        

Tone

Chipewyan has two tones:

  • high
  • low


Template:Na-lang-stub

Bibliography

  • Li, Fang-Kuei. (1946). Chipewyan. In C. Osgood & H. Hoijer (Eds.), Linguistic structures of native America (pp. 398-423). New York: The Viking Fund.
  • Osgood, Cornelius; & Hoijer, Harry (Eds.). (1946). Linguistic structures of native America. Viking fund publications in anthropology (No. 6). New York: The Viking Fund. (Reprinted 1963, 1965, 1967, & 1971, New York: Johnson Reprint Corp.).
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