Dumbek rhythms

Dumbek rhythms are a collection of rhythms that are usually played with hand drums such as the dumbek. These rhythms are various combinations of these three basic sounds:

  • doum (D), produced with the dominant hand striking the sweet spot of the skin
  • tek (T), produced with the dominant hand striking the rim
  • ka (K), produced with the recessive hand striking the rim In a simple notation, these three sounds are represented by three letters: D, T, and K. When capitalized, the beat is emphasized, and when lower-case, it is played less emphatically. These basic sounds can be combined with other sounds:
  • grab (G), produced with the dominant hand. Similar to the doum except the fingers are cupped to capture the air, making a loud terminating sound. The hand remains on the drum head to prevent sustain.
  • trill (l), produced by lightly tapping three fingers of one hand in rapid succession on the rim
  • roll (r), produced by a rapid alternating pattern of teks and kas

    Notation

    This is the simple dumbek rhythm notation for the 2/4 rhythm known as ayyoub:

    1 + 2 +
    D  kD T

    This might be represented in standard western musical notation:

    Image:ayoub1.png

    Rhythms

    There are many traditional rhythms. Some are much more popular than others. The "big six" Middle Eastern rhythms are ayyoub, beledi, chiftitelli, maqsoum, masmoudi and saidi.

    See also: Belly dance, Arabic music

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