List of Emperors of Japan

Paleolithic
Jomon
Yayoi
Yamato period
---Kofun period
---Asuka period
Nara period
Heian period
Kamakura period
Muromachi period
Azuchi-Momoyama period
---Nanban period
Edo period
Meiji period
Taisho period
Showa period
---Japanese expansionism
---Occupied Japan
---Post-Occupation Japan
Heisei

The following is a traditional list of Emperors of Japan. Female monarchs are listed in italic. An asterisk (*) following an entry indicates an emperor who is not a direct patrilineal ancestor of the current emperor. Dates for the first 28 emperors, and especially the first 16, are based on tradition.

Contents

The Yayoi/ Pre-Yamato (Ancient) Period (660 BC–AD 399)

Known as the Yayoi Period by archaeologists

1 Jimmu 660–585 BC
2 Suizei 581–549 BC
3 Annei 549–511 BC
4 Itoku 510–476 BC
5 Kōshō 475–393 BC
6 Kōan 392–291 BC
7 Kōrei 290–215 BC
8 Kōgen 214–158 BC
9 Kaika 157–98 BC
10 Sujin 97–30 BC
11 Suinin 29 BC–AD 70
12 Keikō 71–130
13 Seimu 131–191 *
14 Chūai 192–200
Jingū Kōgō 209–269 (Regent)
15 Ōjin(Hachiman) 270–310
16 Nintoku 313–399 *

Yamato Period (AD 400 –AD 539)

Known as the Kofun Period by archaeologists

17 Richū 400–405 *
18 Hanzei 406–410 *
19 Ingyō 411–453 *
20 Ankō 453–456 *
21 Yūryaku 456–479 *
22 Seinei 480–484 *
23 Kenzō or Kensō 485–487 *
24 Ninken 488–498 *
25 Buretsu 498–506 *
26 Keitai 507–531
27 Ankan 531–536 *
28 Senkwa 536–539 *

Clearly dated emperors and empresses (AD 539–AD 715)

29 Kimmei (509571, r. 539571)
30 Bidatsu (538585, r. 572585)
31 Yōmei (?–587, r. 585587) *
32 Sushun (?–592, r. 587592) *
33 Suiko (554628, r. 593628) *
34 Jomei (593641, r. 629641)
35 Kōgyoku(Saimei) (594661, r. 642645) *
36 Kōtoku(Taika) (597654, r. 645654) *
37 Saimei (594661, r. 655661) *
38 Tenji (626672, r. 661672)
39 Kōbun (648672, r. 672) *
40 Temmu (?–686, r. 672686) *
41 Jitō (645703, r. 686697) *
42 Mommu (683707, r. 697707) *
43 Gemmei (661722, r. 707715) *

The Nara Period (AD 715–AD 781)

44 Genshō(Yoro) (680748, r. 715724) *
45 Shōmu (701756, r. 724749) *
46 Kōken (718770, r. 749758) *
47 Junnin (733765, r. 758764) *
48 Shōtoku (718770, r. 764770) *
49 Kōnin (709782, r. 770781)

The Heian Period (AD 781–AD 1198)

50 Kammu or Kwammu (737806, r. 781806)
51 Heizei (774824, r. 806809) *
52 Saga (786842, r. 809823)
53 Junna (786840, r. 823833) *
54 Nimmyō (810850, r. 833850)
55 Montoku (827858, r. 850858) *
56 Seiwa (850881, r. 858876) *
57 Yōzei (869949, r. 876884) *
58 Kōkō (830887, r. 884887)
59 Uda (867931, r. 887897)
60 Daigo (885930, r. 897930)
61 Suzaku (923952, r. 930946) *
62 Murakami (926967, r. 946967)
63 Reizei (9501011, r. 967969) *
64 En'yū (959991, r. 969984)
65 Kazan (9681008, r. 984986) *
66 Ichijō (9801011, r. 9861011) *
67 Sanjō (9761017, r. 10111016) *
68 Go-Ichijō (10081036, r. 10161036) *
69 Go-Suzaku (10091045, r. 10361045)
70 Go-Reizei (10251068, r. 10451068) *
71 Go-Sanjō (10341073, r. 10681073)
72 Shirakawa (10531129, r. 10731087 and cloistered rule 10861129)
73 Horikawa (10791107, r. 10871107)
74 Toba (11031156, r. 11071123 and cloistered rule 11291156)
75 Sutoku (11191164, r. 11231142) *
76 Konoe (11391155, r. 11421155) *
77 Go-Shirakawa (11271192, r. 11551158 and cloistered rule 11581192)
78 Nijō (11431165, r. 11581165) *
79 Rokujō (11641176, r. 11651168) *
80 Takakura (11611181, r. 11681180)
81 Antoku (11781185, r. 11801185) *
82 Go-Toba (11801239, r. 11831198)

The Kamakura Period (AD 1198–AD 1339)

83 Tsuchimikado (11951231, r. 11981210)
84 Juntoku (11971242, r. 12101221) *
85 Chūkyō (12181234, r. 1221) *
86 Go-Horikawa (12121234, r. 12211232) *
87 Shijō (12311242, r. 12321242) *
88 Go-Saga (12201272, r. 12421246)
89 Go-Fukakusa (12431304, r. 12461260)
90 Kameyama (12491305, r. 12601274) *
91 Go-Uda (12671324, r. 12741287) *
92 Fushimi (12651317, r. 12871298)
93 Go-Fushimi (12881336, r. 12981301)
94 Go-Nijō (12851308, r. 13011308) *
95 Hanazono (12971348, r. 13081318) *
96 Go-Daigo (12881339, r. 13181339) *

The Muromachi Period (AD 1339–AD 1611)

97 Go-Murakami (13281368, r. 13391368) *
98 Chōkei (13431394, r. 13681383) *
99 Go-Kameyama (?–1424, r. 13831392) *

Northern Court (AD 1331–AD 1611)

Northern Ashikaga Pretender 1: Kōgon (13131364, r. 13311333)
Northern Ashikaga Pretender 2: Kōmyō (13221380, r. 13361348) *
Northern Ashikaga Pretender 3: Sukō (13341398, r. 13481351)
Interregnum, November 26, 1351 until September 25, 1352
Northern Ashikaga Pretender 4: Go-Kōgon (13381374, r. 13521371) *
Northern Ashikaga Pretender 5: Go-En'yū (13591393, r. 13711382) *


100 Go-Komatsu (13771433, r. 13921412) *
101 Shōkō (14011428, r. 14121428) *
102 Go-Hanazono (14191471, r. 14281464)
103 Go-Tsuchimikado (14421500, r. 14641500)
104 Go-Kashiwabara (14641526, r. 15001526)
105 Go-Nara (14971557, r. 15261557)
106 Ōgimachi (15171593, r. 15571586)
107 Go-Yōzei (15721617, r. 15861611)

The Edo Period (AD 1611–AD 1867)

108 Go-Mizunoo (15961680, r. 16111629)
109 Meishō (16241696, r. 16291643) *
110 Go-Kōmyō (16331654, r. 16431654) *
111 Go-Sai (16371685, r. 16551663) *
112 Reigen (16541732, r. 16631687)
113 Higashiyama (16751709, r. 16871709)
114 Nakamikado (17021737, r. 17091735) *
115 Sakuramachi (17201750, r. 17351747) *
116 Momozono (17411762, r. 17471762) *
117 Go-Sakuramachi (17401813, r. 17621771) *
118 Go-Momozono (17581779, r. 17711779) *
119 Kōkaku (17711840, r. 17801817)
120 Ninkō (18001846, r. 18171846)
121 Kōmei (18311867, r. 18461867)

Modern Japan (AD 1867–present)

Naming standards become more complicated for the last four emperors of Japan:

122 明治 Meiji (18521912, r. 18671912)

123 大正 Taishō (18791926, r. 19121926)

124 昭和 Shōwa (19011989, r. 19261989)

125 Akihito (1933–, r. 1989–present)

  • By Japanese speakers, Akihito is currently referred to as Tenno Heika, as he is the reigning emperor, even though his era is called Heisei 平成 .
  • By English speakers, referred to as Emperor Akihito.

See also

de:Liste der japanischen Kaiser es:Lista de Emperadores de Japón eo:Listo de imperiestroj de Japanio fr:Liste des empereurs du Japon gd:Impirean Iapanach it:Imperatori del Giappone he:רשימת קיסרי יפן la:Imperatores Iaponiae nl:Lijst van Japanse keizers ja:天皇の一覧 pl:Cesarze Japonii pt:Lista de imperadores do Japão sv:Lista över Japans kejsare zh:日本天皇列表

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