Muhammadu Buhari

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Muhammadu Buhari

Muhammadu Buhari (born December 17, 1942) was a military ruler of Nigeria (1983 - 1985) and an unsuccessful candidate for president in 2003. He ethnic background is Fulani and his religious beliefs are those of a Muslim, his family is from Katsina State.

Buhari and Chief of staff General Tunde Idiagbon were selected to lead the country by middle and high ranking military officers after a successful military coup d'etat that overthrew civilian President Shehu Shagari on December 31, 1983. Buhari justified the military's seizure of power by castigating the civilian government as hopelessly corrupt, and his administration subsequently initiated a public campaign against indiscipline known as "War Against Indiscipline" (WAI). Despite authoritarian tendencies, the campaign is still lauded as many to have instilled the most orderly conduct of public and private affairs in Nigeria since it's independence in 1960.

Buhari and Idiagbon's administration was initially popular with the majority of Nigerians. However, this support quickly ebbed away as Buhari resorted to ever more severe methods to stifle criticism of his government, including the issuing of the State Security (Detention of Persons) Decree No. 2, which gave the government the right to detain indefinitely without trial any persons it regarded as being a threat to the nation, and the Public Officers (Protection Against False Accusation) Decree No. 4, which essentially criminalized any criticism of government officials in the press. Buhari was himself overthrown in a coup by General Ibrahim Babangida on August 27, 1985.

In 2003, Buhari contested the Presidential election as the candidate of the All Nigerian People's Party. He was defeated by the incumbent President, Olusegun Obasanjo, by a margin of more than eleven million votes. Although there were allegations of fraud, the general consensus among Commonwealth observers was that the result was so decisive that fraud, on either side, would not have substantially affected it. More disturbing to many observers was the evident polarization of the country along religious lines, with the Muslim north voting overwhelmingly for Buhari and the largely Christian south for Obasanjo. Many wondered whether a country so evenly divided between two major religions could afford such polarization.de:Muhammadu Buhari

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