Nanjing University

Nanjing University (南京大学, 南京大學, Pinyin: Nánjīng Dàxué; colloquially 南大, Pinyin Nándà) is one of the oldest higher learning institutions in the world and became the first modern Chinese university in the early 1920s. It is the cradle of modern science in China and is a prestigious university with strong traditions.


Contents

History

North Great Building, Nanjing University
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North Great Building, Nanjing University

Nanjing University began its modern history in 1902 with the name Sanjiang Normal College, at the site of the former Nanjing Imperial Central College (南京太學, Nanjing Taixue). The ancient Nanjing University originated in 258 as Nanjing Imperial Central College, and became the first modern Chinese university in the early 1920s. It was renamed Liangjiang Normal College in 1906. In 1915 it became Nanjing Higher Normal Institute(南京高等師範學校) and renamed National Southeast University(國立東南大學) in 1921. It became National Central University (國立中央大學) in August 1928. Finally, in October 1949, the central government of the R.O.C. moved from Nanjing, mainland China, to Taipei, Taiwan, and the National Central University changed its name to National Nanjing University (国立南京大學). National Central University was reestablished in Taiwan in 1962. In 1952, another famous Christian university, University of Nanking (金陵大學), founded in 1888, was merged with Nanjing University (南京大學).

Historic Path

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RenZi House, Nanjing University
  • Nanjing University was originally founded as the Imperial Central College at Nanjing in 258 under the Kingdom of Wu by the emperor Sun Xiu. The first president was Wei Zhao. In the 15th century during the Ming Dynasty, the Nanjing Imperial Central College was the world's largest higher education institution, with about 10 thousand students, many of whom came from a number of other countries. Wu Cheng'en, Zheng He and Zheng Chenggong studied there around the time. Nanjing Imperial Central College was changed to Nanjing College in 1650 during the Qing Dynasty, and the modern Sanjiang Normal College was established to replace the traditional Chinese academy Nanjing College in 1902. It became National Central University in 1928 and renamed Nanjing University in 1949.
  • The university established the first faculty of art in China in 1906 and the first faculty of physical education in 1915. The faculty of business was established in 1917 and was moved to Shanghai to establish as the first business school in China in 1921. "China Economic Society" was founded in 1923 mainly by the faculty members of the university. The university has also been the pioneer of many other fields.
  • The "Chinese Science Society"(中國科學社), the earliest and main science organization in China, settled in the university in 1918. Numerous Chinese modern science pioneers converged there to found many sciences in China. It became the Chinese cradle of modern science. Hereafter, many graudates achieved pioneering works in a lot of fields for Chinese scientific enterprise. For instance, among 81 academicians of "Academia Sinica"(中央研究院) elected for the first time in 1948, 5 entered or graduated from the university in the year 1920. More than half of the leading Chinese scientists whose works were published on such leading journals as Science and Nature in the early period of Chinese modern science were graduates or faculties of Nanjing University.
  • Guo Bingwen was formally appointed as the president in 1919, and two years later in 1921, higher normal institute was changed to university. Guo Bingwen insisted university’s independency and academic freedom. Liu Boming advocated liberty education, scholar spirit and pure learning ethos. Tao Xingzhi changed the traditional Instruction Approach to the Approach of Unity of Teaching and Learning, and adopted Discipline-elective and Cause-credit-elective system. The earliest Chinese modern academic research originated, and the earliest modern scientific research laboratories in China were established at the university. Nanjing University became the earliest modern Chinese university around the time in the early 1920s.
  • In 1976, the faculties and students of the university launched the "Nanjing 3.29 Movement" to oppose the Cultural Revolution, spreading countrywide. In 1978, Hu Fuming, a faculty member of the Philosophy Department of Nanjing University, wrote and published the historic article entitled "Practice is the Sole Criterion for Testing Truth". It led to the nationwide "Debate on Standards for Judging the Truth" and directly promoted the end of the Cultural Revolution and the start of the era of becoming a free and rich society .

Faculties and fields

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Old Great Hall, Nanjing University

Nanjing University has been at the forefront of developments in teaching and research in China. It was the first institution in the country to adopt student-centred teaching methods. It was the first co-educational Chinese university. It has been a pioneer in many fields in China, such as Astronomy,literature, art, history, philosophy, religion, sociology, biology, physics, geoscience, computer science and business studies.

Schools and departments

  • School of Humanities
    • Chinese, History, Philosophy, Religion
  • School of Foreign Studies
    • English, French, German, Spanish, Japanese, Russian, International Business
  • School of Science
    • Mathematics, Physics, Astronomy
  • School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
    • Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Polymer material
  • School of Geoscience
    • Earth Science, Atmosphere Science, Urban & Resources Science
  • School of Technology
    • Computer Science & Technology, Electronics Science & Engineering, Material Science & Technology
  • School of Business
    • Business Administration, Finance, Economics, Accounting, International Trading, Electronic Commerce
  • School of Law,lsss
    • Law, Economic Law, International Economic Law
  • School of Public Administration
    • Politics, Government Administration, Sociology, Information Management,
  • School of Journalism & Communication
    • Journalism, Broadcasting, TV & Internet, Communication & Advertising
  • School of Medicine
  • School of Environment
  • Software Institute
  • Education
  • Physical Education
  • Art
  • Architecture
  • Department of Intensive Instruction
  • Other research and education institutes in areas such as African Studies, Judaic Studies, International Affairs, Anthropology, Agriculture, Space Science, Engineering Management, etc.

Campus

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Nanjing University campus in snow

Nanjing University consists of two campuses. The main campus is located in Gulou District, the central area of Nanjing City, south to the Yangtze River. The main campus is divided into two parts, North Garden for learning and research and South garden for life facilities of accommodation, dining, medical care, entertainment and recreation, etc. The new affiliated campus constructed in 1993 lies in the suburb of Pukou District, north to Yangtze, about 18 Kilometres to the main campus.


International exchanges

Famous alumni

Graduates

Faculties and others

Alumni of University of Nanking (merged with Nanjing University in 1952)

Alumni of attached/affiliated schools/institutions

  • Gao Xingjian, novelist, dramatist and critic. Nobel Prize Winner in Literature in 2000. He entered Middle School Attached to University of Nanking (Now Nanjing University Experiment School -- Jinling High School (http://www.jlhs.net)) in 1952.
  • Yuan Longping, agriculturalist. "China's Most Famous 'Farmer'", "Father of Hybrid Rice", Wolf Award winner. He graduated from Middle School Attached to National Nanjing University (Now NSFZ (http://www.nsfz.net)) in 1949.

External links

es:Universidad de Nanjing fr:Université de Nankin it:Università di Nanjing nl:Universiteit van Nanjing ja:南京大学 pt:Universidade de Nanjing ru:Нанкинский университет zh:南京大学

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