Tordesilhas Line
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The Tordesilhas Line was estabilished by the Treaty of Tordesilhas in the XV century with papal endorsement, partitioning the non-Christian world then to be discovered between Portugal and Spain. The line passed in the Western Hemisphere in current Brazil from around São Luís do Maranhão and Cananéia -- actually most of current Brazil was Spanish territory --, and in the Eastern Hemisphere among the Molucas line.
The Line was made obsolete first by the Union of the Crowns of Portugal and Spain from 1560 to 1640, and then by the decline of both Empires.