American Turkey Oak
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| American Turkey Oak Conservation status: Secure | ||||||||||||||
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 American Turkey Oak foliage | ||||||||||||||
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The American Turkey Oak (Quercus laevis) is a member of the red oak group of oaks. It is native to the southeastern United States, occurring on the coastal plain from Delaware south to central Florida, and west to southeast Louisiana.
It is a small tree, sometimes shrubby, typically only 8-10 m tall, though occasionally reaching 18 m. The leaves are variable in size, mostly 10-17 cm long but occasionally just 8cm or as much as 30 cm long. They have 3-7 slender lobes, deeply incised between the lobes, each lobe with 1-3 bristle teeth at the tip. The acorns are about 2-2.5 cm long, and, like other red oaks, take 18 months to mature.
The American Turkey Oak typically grows on poor, thin, dry, rocky or sandy soils where few other oaks other than Blackjack oak (Q. marilandica) can thrive. It does not have the beautiful crown form of many oaks, but is nonetheless a valuable tree for growing on infertile, dry, sandy sites. The deeply lobed leaves are also attractive. It commonly form an understory tree in Longleaf Pine and other pine stands on sandy knolls in the southeastern US.
In North America, this species is commonly known as just Turkey Oak, but this invites confusion with the Turkish & southern European species Quercus cerris, Turkey Oak. The name of the American species derives from the acorns being a popular food of the Wild Turkey.