Documenta 1
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documenta 1 was the very first one in a row of renowned documenta exhibitions, showcasing modern and contemporary art in Kassel, Germany. The first documenta was initiated by the painter and educator Arnold Bode and was held from 16 July till 18 September 1955.
documenta 1 took a mainly historical and reconstructive approach, showcasing the most influential artists and groups since the beginning of the 20th Century, with movements such as fauvism, cubism, expressionism, futurism, pittura metafisica and the Blaue Reiter group. The exhibition was a direct and obvious comment on the infamous Nazi propaganda exhibition "Degenerate Art" ("Entartete Kunst") held in 1937.
With 130,000 visitors, this first major post-war international modern art exhibition became an unexpected success.
Complete list of participating artists
- Afro (Afro Basaldella)
- Josef Albers
- Kenneth Armitage
- Hans Arp (Jean Arp)
- René Victor Auberjonois
- Giacomo Balla
- Eduard Bargheer
- Ernst Barlach
- Willi Baumeister
- Jean Bazaine (Jean René Bazaine)
- André Beaudin
- Max Beckmann
- Max Bill
- Renato Birolli
- Roger Bissiäre
- Hermann Blumenthal
- Umberto Boccioni
- Camille Bombois
- Georges Braque
- Reg Butler (Reginald Cotterell Butler)
- Alexander Calder
- Alexander Camaro
- Heinrich Campendonck
- Massimo Campigli
- Giuseppe Capogrossi
- Carlo Dalmazzo Carrŕ
- Felice Casorati
- Bruno Cassinari
- Lynn Chadwick
- Marc Chagall
- Giorgio de Chirico
- Antonio Corpora
- Roberto Crippa
- Ernesto de Fiori
- Filippo De Pisis
- Robert Delaunay
- André Derain
- Charles Despiau
- Otto Dix
- Theo van Doesburg (Christian Küpper)
- Raymond Duchamp-Villon
- Raoul Dufy
- Max Ernst (Maximilian Ernst)
- Joseph Fassbender
- Lyonel Feininger
- Xaver Fuhr
- Naum Gabo (Naum Neemia Pevsner)
- Werner Gilles
- Fritz Glarner
- Julio Gonzalez (artist) (Julio Gonzales)
- H.A.P. Grieshaber (Helmut Andreas Paul Grieshaber)
- Juan Gris (José Victoriano Gonzalez)
- Hans Hartung
- Karl Hartung
- Erich Heckel
- Bernhard Heiliger
- Werner Heldt
- Barbara Hepworth
- Auguste Herbin
- Karl Hofer
- Alexej Jawlensky
- Wassily Kandinsky (Wassily Wassilijewitsch Kandinsky, Vassili Kandinski, Vasilij Kandinskij)
- Ludwig Kasper
- Ernst-Ludwig Kirchner
- Paul Klee
- Oskar Kokoschka
- Frantisek Kupka
- Berto Lardera
- Henri Laurens
- Fernand Léger
- Kurt Lehmann
- Wilhelm Lehmbruck
- August Macke
- Alberto Magnelli
- Aristide Maillol
- Alfred Manessier
- Franz Marc
- Gerhard Marcks
- Marino Marini
- André Masson
- Ewald Mataré
- Henri Matisse
- Georg Meistermann
- Hans Mettel
- Otto Meyer-Amden
- Mirko (Mirko Basaldella)
- Joan Miró
- Paula Modersohn-Becker
- Amedeo Modigliani
- Piet Mondrian (Piet Mondriaan)
- Henry Moore
- Giorgio Morandi
- Mattia Moreni
- Ennio Morlotti
- Richard Mortensen
- Georg Muche
- Otto Müller
- Gabriele Münter
- Zoran Music (Anton Zoran Music)
- Ernst Wilhelm Nay
- Rolf Nesch
- Ben Nicholson
- Emil Nolde (Emil Hansen)
- Max Pechstein
- Antoine Pevsner
- Pablo Picasso (Pablo Ruiz Picasso)
- Edouard Pignon
- Hans Purrmann
- Otto Ritschl
- Emy Roeder
- Kurt Roesch
- Christian Rohlfs
- Georges Rouault
- Henri Rousseau
- Giuseppe Santomaso
- Erwin Scharff
- Oskar Schlemmer
- Karl Schmidt-Rottluff
- Gérard Ernest Schneider
- Kurt Schwitters
- Gino Bonichi Scipione
- William Scott
- Louis de Senlis Seraphine
- Gino Severini
- Gustave Singier
- Mario Sironi
- Pierre Soulages
- Toni Stadler
- Graham Sutherland
- Sophie Taeuber-Arp
- Pierre Tal-Coat (Pierre Jacob)
- Hann Trier
- Heinz Trökes
- Hans Uhlmann
- Victor Vasarely
- Emilio Vedova
- Alberto Viani
- Marie Héläne Vieira da Silva (Maria Helena Vieira da Silva, Maria Elena Vieira da Silva)
- Jacques Villon (Gaston Duchamp)
- Louis Vivin, Louis
- Maurice de Vlaminck
- Friedrich Vordemberge-Gildewart (Friedel Vordemberge-Gildewart)
- Theodor Werner
- Walter Kurt Wiemken
- Hans Wimmer
- Fritz Winter
- Gustav H. Wolff
- Wols (Wolfgang Schulze)