Plant cell

Plant cell structure
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Plant cell structure

Plant cells are quite different from the cells of the other eukaryotic kingdom's organisms. Their distinctive features are:

Like other eukaryotic cells, plant cells typically also have a nucleus, containing most of the cell's DNA, and mitochondria, the 'power plants' of the cell. However, some parts of a living plant's tissue are selectively dead so they can serve the plant without consuming vital nutrients.

Tissue types

These three major classes of cells can then differentiate to form the tissue structures of roots, stems, and leaves. All plants have these types of tissues and they have similar locations within all species of plants. However, the amount of these tissues will vary for different plant species.

The three distinct types of plant cells are classified according to the structure of their cell walls and features of their protoplast. Plants will have a primary cell wall and sometimes a secondary wall as well. These two major parts are what determines the function of each individual plant cell. a

  • Epidermis - the outer most covering of a plant.
  • Vascular tissue - Responsible for transport of materials throughout the plant
  • Ground tissue - Performs photosynthesis, starch storage and structural support. Ground tissues may be composed of one of three cell types
    • Parenchyma - Thin primary walls, may not have a secondary wall. Can develop into more specialized plant tissues.
    • Collenchyma - Unevenly thickened primary walls, grouped together to support growing parts of the plant.
    • Sclerenchyma - Thick secondary walls, used to support non-growing parts of the plant.

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