Timeline of meteorology

Contents

Early events

19th century

20th century

  • 1900 - Hurricane strikes Galveston, Texas, killing over 6,000 people.
  • 1920 - Milutin Milankovic proposes that long term climatic cycles may be due to changes in the eccentricity of the Earth's orbit and changes in the Earth's obliquity.
  • 1922 - Lewis Fry Richardson lays the mathematical foundation for numerical weather prediction.
  • 1925 - "Tri-State Tornado" runs through Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana killing 695 people.
  • 1935 - Robert Watson-Watt and his assistant Arnold Wilkins published a report in February 1935, titled The Detection of Aircraft by Radio Methods.
  • 1935 - The "Great Labor Day Hurricane" kills 408 people. It is rated as the most intense Category 5 Atlantic hurricane to make landfall.
  • 1934 to 1937 - The Dust Bowl drought of the US plains region causes harsh economic damage.
  • 1937 - Army Air Forces Weather Service was established (redesignated in 1946 as AWS-Air Weather Service).
  • 1941 - Pulsed radar network is implemented in England during WWII.
  • 1948 - First correct tornado prediction by R. C. Miller and E. J. Fawbush.
  • 1950 - Hurricanes begin to be named alphabetically with the radio alphabet.
  • 1951 - WMO World Meteorological Organization established by the United Nations.
  • 1953 - National Hurricane Center (NOAA) creates a system for naming hurricanes using alphabetical lists of women's names.
  • 1955 - NSSP National Severe Storms Project established.
  • 1956 - The Weather Bureau creates the National Hurricane Research Project.
  • 1957-1958 - International Geophysical Year coordinated research efforts in eleven sciences, focused on polar areas during the Solar Maximum.
  • 1962 - Keith Browning and Frank Ludlam publish first detailed study of a supercell storm (over Wokingham, UK).
  • 1969 - Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale created, used to describe hurricane strength on a category range of 1 to 5.
  • 1969 - Hurricane Camille, the second Category 5 hurricane to make US landfall causes $1.4 billion in damage.
  • 1970 - NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration established. Weather Bureau is renamed the National Weather Service.
  • 1971 - Ted Fujita introduces the Fujita scale for rating tornadoes.
  • 1975 - The first Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, GOES, was launched into orbit. Their role and design is to aid in hurricane tracking.
  • 1980 - Mount St. Helens erupts explosively in Washington State.
  • 1988 - WSR-88D type weather radar implemented in the United States. Weather surveillance radar that uses several modes to detect severe weather conditions.

21st century

  • 2003 - NOAA hurricane experts issue first experimental Eastern Pacific Hurricane Outlook.
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